PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NÃO MADEIREIROS E BIOECONOMIA NA AMAZÔNIA: OPORTUNIDADES PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO E O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24278/rif.2026.38e1016Palavras-chave:
Sociobiodiversidade, Extrativismo, Cadeias produtivas, Agregação de valor, Governança, Meios de vidaResumo
Os Produtos Florestais Não Madeireiros (PFNMs) apresentam potencial para articular conservação da biodiversidade, geração de renda e desenvolvimento de cadeias produtivas associadas à floresta, mas os benefícios decorrentes de seu uso dependem de condições ecológicas, econômicas e institucionais. Esta revisão teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as evidências científicas sobre a contribuição dos PFNMs para a bioeconomia na Amazônia, considerando conservação, geração de renda, cadeias produtivas da sociobiodiversidade e desenvolvimento sustentável, além de identificar oportunidades e condicionantes. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, orientada pelo PRISMA 2020, com buscas nas bases Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO e Google Scholar, complementadas por snowballing. Foram consideradas publicações científicas em português e inglês, entre 1991 e 2024. Após as etapas de seleção, o corpus analítico foi composto por 43 estudos, submetidos à análise qualitativa temática e à avaliação crítica da qualidade metodológica. A comercialização e as cadeias produtivas estiveram presentes em 100,0% dos estudos, conservação e governança em 93,0% e manejo e sustentabilidade em 88,4%. Inovação e agregação de valor apareceram em 55,8%, enquanto clima e pressões ambientais foram abordados em 18,6%. Conclui-se que os PFNMs apresentam potencial para contribuir para conservação, renda e desenvolvimento, porém seus resultados são condicionados pelo manejo, acesso aos mercados, agregação de valor, organização das cadeias e governança.
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