COMO AS CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÔMICAS DO XILEMA PODEM INFLUENCIAR NO PROCESSO DE CURA DE FERIMENTOS EM ÁRVORES?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24278/2178-5031.202133201Palavras-chave:
Parênquima axial, Fibras, Translocação, Árvores tropicais, Anatomia da madeiraResumo
As árvores estão continuamente em risco de danos por animais e condições ambientais adversas, sua sobrevivência depende da capacidade de cicatrização de feridas. Respostas fisiológicas comuns à lesão são a proliferação celular, regeneração do tecido vascular e formação de compostos para proteger as células próximas à ferida. Conhecer a anatomia da madeira é essencial para compreender os mecanismos de cicatrização de feridas e sobrevivência da árvore. Estudamos 12 espécies tropicais para entender como algumas características da madeira contribuem para o processo de cicatrização de feridas. Fizemos a análise quantitativa das características da madeira e avaliamos a taxa de cicatrização das feridas dois anos após a coleta das amostras. Espécies com grande quantidade de parênquima axial, apresentaram maior taxa de cicatrização da ferida, comprovando que células do parênquima axial fornecem material para maior proliferação celular, agindo mais rápido no fechamento da ferida. Espécies com parênquima axial arranjado de forma a produzir uma rede entre vasos e raios através do tecido vivo, se recuperam e fornecem a passagem de hormônios que estimulam a divisão celular do tecido próximo à ferida, promovendo o crescimento de tecido em toda a área da ferida, acelerando seu fechamento. A ausência de parênquima axial dificulta essa recuperação por incapacitar as regiões afetadas; acima e abaixo da lesão, de produzir tecido suficiente para cicatrização de feridas. A presença de fibras mais longas é indicativo de maior teor de giberelina, envolvida na divisão celular durante a cicatrização; portanto, espécies com fibras mais longas tiveram cicatrização mais rápida das feridas.
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