EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT RIPARIAN VEGETATION STRUCTURES ON MICROCLIMATIC VARIABLES AND SENSATION OF THERMAL COMFORT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24278/2178-5031.2011231289Keywords:
thermal comfort, watercourses, riparian vegetation, ecosystem servicesAbstract
Natural vegetation along river corridors plays an important role in the control and environmental quality of a region, since it establishes appropriate conditions for climate control. Undoubtedly, each structure of riparian vegetation should to a certain degree provide efficiency for such a role. However, what are the differences in responses between different types of structure? With the aim of contributing to a response, this study discusses the microclimatic variations based on the evaluation of the relationship between four climatic variables in three different vegetation physiognomy profiles, adjacent to Ribeirão Cachoeira (Campinas, Brazil). Data of solar radiation, air and globe temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, as well as water temperature were obtained for each profile studied for three days, in hours of higher solar radiation (from 8 am to 4 pm), at three different distances from the watercourse along the profiles, in summer and winter. As an indicator of thermal comfort, the Physiological Equivalent Temperature – PET was assessed for three schedules, in the different situations studied. The results show the importance of the presence and type of vegetation structure mainly in the attenuation of solar radiation and its predominant role in controlling the temperature and relative humidity in the two seasons. The attenuation of solar radiation reached 97% in forest structure and 83% in secondary forests; the relative humidity varied in summer from 85% to 100% in forest structure and between 40% and 75% in the secondary forests. Differences of up to 12 ºC were observed between forest structure and herbaceous field. The temperature of the water system in the forest structure was softened in up to 3 o C in comparison with the water temperature in the herbaceous field. The PET indicated thermally comfortable environment in almost all times for the forest structure, while situations of heat stress were observed in the structure C, with the continuous herbaceous field, at all times in the summer.
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